Final answer:
None of the options listed (Mexican soldiers unable to hear their officers, lack of ammunition, poor leadership, harsh weather) are historically confirmed disadvantages that hindered the Mexican army during the battle of San Jacinto. Instead, a significant cause of their defeat was the surprise attack by Texan forces while the Mexican army was resting.
Step-by-step explanation:
The battle of San Jacinto played a pivotal role in the Texas Revolution, and several factors contributed to the Mexican army's defeat. One major disadvantage that hindered the Mexican army was that their troops had settled for an afternoon nap when the Texan forces descended upon them. However, according to the options you have given, a confirmed historical drawback isn't listed. The Mexican soldiers hearing their officers, lack of ammunition, poor leadership, and harsh weather conditions were not specified as reasons in historical accounts of the battle. The sudden attack by the Texan forces while the Mexican army was resting was a significant cause of their defeat at San Jacinto.
Learn more about Battle of San Jacinto