Final answer:
The structure located outside the cranium is the Thalamus.
Step-by-step explanation:
The structure located outside the cranium is the Thalamus.
The thalamus is a small, ovoid mass of grey matter located just above the brainstem and within the cerebrum.
Its function includes relaying sensory and motor signals to the cerebral cortex and regulating consciousness, sleep, and alertness.
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