Final answer:
The southern Greek states regarded the Macedonians as barbarians due to cultural differences and biases.
Step-by-step explanation:
The southern Greek states, the self-described "civilized" Greeks, regarded the Macedonians as barbarians. They saw the Macedonians as culturally inferior and less sophisticated than themselves. This perception was mainly due to the distinct differences in language, customs, and political structure between the southern Greeks and the Macedonians.
However, it is important to note that this perception was not universally held among all southern Greek states. Some city-states, such as Thebes, formed alliances and had positive relations with the Macedonians.
Ultimately, the negative portrayal of the Macedonians by southern Greek states was largely influenced by their own sense of cultural superiority and biases towards outsiders.
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