Final answer:
Late decelerations in the fetal heart rate pattern indicate decreased blood flow to the fetus during contractions, which can be a sign of fetal distress.
Step-by-step explanation:
When a nurse observes abrupt decreases in fetal heart rate (FHR) below the baseline, this is known as late decelerations. Late decelerations in the FHR pattern indicate decreased blood flow to the fetus during contractions, which can be a sign of fetal distress. They are characterized by a gradual onset and a return to baseline after the contraction ends. It is important for the nurse to recognize and monitor these decelerations closely to ensure the well-being of the fetus.
Learn more about Fetal heart rate patterns in maternal-child nursing