Answer:
Step-by-step explanation:
The flow of electric current occurs due to the movement of charged particles. These particles, known as charge carriers, play a crucial role in conducting electricity. Depending on the context, different types of charge carriers are involved:
Electrons: In most metallic conductors, such as copper wires, electrons are the primary charge carriers. They move through the wire, creating an electric current. The charge of an electron is approximately 1.6 x 10^-19 coulombs 1.
Ions: In electrolytes (like saltwater) or plasma (ionized gas), ions serve as charge carriers. These ions can be positively charged (cations) or negatively charged (anions). For example, in a battery, ions flow through the electrolyte to generate current.
Holes: In semiconductors, such as silicon, both electrons and holes contribute to electric current. A hole is essentially an absence of an electron in the crystal lattice. When an electron moves from one location to another, it leaves behind a hole, which behaves as a positive charge carrier.