Final answer:
A line agency executes the duties for which a department exists. The Executive Branch has a check and balance over the Judicial Branch through the appointment of federal judges.
Step-by-step explanation:
The agency that executes the duties for which a department exists is known as a line agency. Line agencies are responsible for directly carrying out the functions of the government. They have specific operational functions and report directly to the President.
An example of a check and balance that the Executive Branch has over the Judicial Branch is that federal judges are appointed by the President. The President nominates federal judges, and their appointments are subject to confirmation by the Senate. This allows the Executive Branch to have influence and control over the composition of the Judicial Branch.
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