Final answer:
The answer provides definitions of key terms related to the U.S. Supreme Court and its processes.
Step-by-step explanation:
Certiorari: an order of the Supreme Court calling up the records of the lower court so a case may be reviewed; sometimes abbreviated cert.
Dissenting opinion: an opinion written by a justice who disagrees with the majority opinion of the Court.
Stare decisis: the principle by which courts rely on past decisions and their precedents when making decisions in new cases.
Rule of four: a Supreme Court custom in which a case will be heard when four justices decide to do so.
Precedent: the principles or guidelines established by courts in earlier cases that frame the ongoing operation of the courts, steering the direction of the entire system.
Majority opinion: an opinion of the Court with which more than half the nine justices agree.
Circuit courts: the appeals (appellate) courts of the federal court system that review decisions of the lower (district) courts; also called courts of appeals.
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