Final answer:
Artificial selection and natural selection differ in the involvement of humans and the environment in the selection process.
Step-by-step explanation:
A difference between artificial selection and natural selection is that artificial selection is a process in which humans intentionally select and breed organisms with desirable traits, while natural selection is a process in which organisms with advantageous traits survive and reproduce, leading to the proliferation of those traits in a population.
For example, in artificial selection, humans have selectively bred dogs for specific traits such as size, temperament, or coat color. This has resulted in the wide variety of dog breeds we see today. On the other hand, in natural selection, a classic example is the evolution of peppered moths in England during the Industrial Revolution. As the trees became darker due to pollution, dark-colored moths had a higher survival rate because they were better camouflaged, leading to an increase in the frequency of the dark-colored allele in the population over time.
Overall, while both processes involve the selection of certain traits, the key difference lies in the role played by humans in artificial selection and the role played by the environment in natural selection.
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