Final answer:
The two sleep phases are REM and NREM, which involve different brain activity and sleep characteristics.
Step-by-step explanation:
The two sleep phases are rapid eye movement (REM) and non-rapid eye movement (NREM). During the REM phase, the brain is highly active, and most of our dreaming occurs. Muscles are temporarily paralyzed, and rapid eye movements occur. In the NREM phase, there are three stages: N1, N2, and N3. N1 is the lightest stage, N2 is a deeper sleep stage, and N3 is the deepest stage known as slow-wave sleep (SWS).
Learn more about Sleep phases in biology