Final answer:
The constitutional right that forbids Congress from sending a person to prison is the Writ of habeas corpus. It is a legal action that requires a person under arrest to be brought before a judge or court to determine the lawfulness of their detention.
Step-by-step explanation:
The constitutional right that forbids Congress from sending a person to prison is the Writ of habeas corpus. This right is protected by Article I, Section 9, Clause 2 of the United States Constitution, which states that 'The Privilege of the Writ of Habeas Corpus shall not be suspended, unless when in Cases of Rebellion or Invasion the public Safety may require it.'
The Writ of habeas corpus is a legal action that requires a person under arrest to be brought before a judge or court, to determine whether the person's detention is lawful. It prevents unlawful imprisonment and serves as a safeguard against arbitrary government power.
For example, if a person is arrested and believes that their arrest is unlawful, they can file a petition for a writ of habeas corpus to challenge the legality of their detention. This allows them to have their case reviewed by a court and potentially be released from custody if their arrest was found to be unlawful.