Final answer:
The Supreme Court during the Progressive Era interpreted and applied the law, with one important case being Muller v. Oregon, which allowed the state to set maximum working hours for women.
Step-by-step explanation:
The role of the Supreme Court during the Progressive Era was to interpret and apply the law, ensuring that new legislation aligned with the Constitution. One important court case during this time was Muller v. Oregon in 1908. This case upheld the state's right to set maximum working hours for women in order to protect their health and well-being. The lasting effect of this case was that it established the precedent of justifying labor legislation based on gender-specific circumstances.
Learn more about The role of the Supreme Court during the Progressive Era