Final answer:
Implied powers are powers not explicitly stated in the Constitution but necessary for the government. The Necessary and Proper Clause allows Congress to make laws necessary for carrying out its powers. Loose constructionists interpret the Constitution broadly, while strict constructionists advocate for a narrow interpretation. McCulloch v. Maryland established the implied powers of Congress and the supremacy of federal law.
Step-by-step explanation:
Implied powers are powers that are not explicitly stated in the Constitution but are necessary for the government to carry out its duties. The Necessary and Proper Clause, also known as the Elastic Clause, grants Congress the power to make any laws that are necessary and proper for carrying out its enumerated powers. It is found in Article I, Section 8 of the Constitution.
Loose constructionists believe in a broad interpretation of the Constitution, allowing for implied powers to be used in order to address the changing needs of society. Strict constructionists, on the other hand, advocate for a narrow interpretation of the Constitution, relying only on its explicit language and limiting the use of implied powers.
The case of McCulloch v. Maryland, decided in 1819 by the Supreme Court, dealt with the implied powers of Congress and the supremacy of federal law over state law. In this case, the Court held that Congress had the implied power to establish a national bank, and that the state of Maryland could not tax the bank, asserting the supremacy of federal law.
Learn more about Implied Powers and the Necessary and Proper Clause