Question

Study the sentences describing the steps of protein synthesis. Place the sentences in the correct order for the process of protein synthesis.

Transfer RNA picks
up individual amino
acids and carries
them to the
ribosome.
Messenger RNA
carries the
sequence of
nucleotides to the
ribosomes.
A single strand of
DNA serves as a
template for
making mRNA.
A protein is
synthesized.
1.
2.
3.
4.

Answer 1

1. A single strand of DNA serves as a template for making mRNA.

2. Messenger RNA carries the sequence of nucleotides to the ribosomes.

3. Transfer RNA picks up individual amino acids and carries them to the ribosome.

4. A protein is synthesized.

Step-by-step explanation:

This process is called transcription and translation. Transcription is the process of copying the genetic information from DNA into mRNA. Translation is the process of using the mRNA to synthesize a protein.

Transcription: During transcription, an enzyme called RNA polymerase binds to a specific region of DNA and begins to copy the DNA sequence. The RNA polymerase moves along the DNA strand, adding complementary RNA nucleotides to the growing mRNA molecule. Once the RNA polymerase reaches the end of the DNA sequence, the mRNA molecule is released.

Translation: During translation, the mRNA molecule is carried to the ribosome. The ribosome is a complex structure that reads the mRNA sequence and synthesizes a protein. The ribosome reads the mRNA codon by codon, and for each codon, it binds to the corresponding tRNA molecule. The tRNA molecule carries an amino acid, and the ribosome links the amino acid to the growing protein chain. Once the ribosome reaches the stop codon, the translation process is terminated and the protein is released.