Final answer:
The situation is best described as gender bias.
Step-by-step explanation:
The situation described in the question is best described as gender bias.
Gender bias refers to unequal treatment or opportunities based on a person's gender. In this case, the female surgeon is being paid less than the male surgeon despite both performing the same type of surgery at the same hospital. This indicates a bias towards male surgeons in terms of pay.
Gender bias can occur in various fields and is a form of discrimination that undermines gender equality.
Learn more about gender bias