Final answer:
The modern periodic table is organized based on the number of protons in the nucleus, with rows representing the number of energy shells and columns categorizing elements based on properties. It also separates elements into nonmetals, metals, and metalloids. Electronegativity can be used as an organizing factor too.
Step-by-step explanation:
The modern periodic table is organized based on the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom. It consists of rows called periods and columns called groups. The periods represent the number of energy shells in an atom, while the groups categorize elements based on similar properties.
The periodic table also separates elements into three main categories: nonmetals, metals, and metalloids. These categories are determined by the elements' physical and chemical properties. Nonmetals are located on the right side of the periodic table, metals are found on the left side, and metalloids are along the zigzag line that separates the two.
Another way the periodic table can be organized is by electronegativity, which represents the tendency of an atom to attract electrons. Electronegativity generally increases from left to right across a period and decreases from top to bottom within a group.
Learn more about Organization of the modern periodic table