Final answer:
Madison is associated with checks and balances, judicial review, and the regulation of commerce in the United States government.
Step-by-step explanation:
Madison is primarily associated with the concept of checks and balances in the United States government. The system of checks and balances ensures that each branch of government has some control over the actions of the other branches, preventing any one branch from becoming too powerful. This idea is also closely related to the concept of judicial review, which is the power of the courts to interpret the Constitution and declare laws unconstitutional.
Additionally, Madison played a role in the regulation of commerce through his support for the Constitution's Commerce Clause. The Commerce Clause gives the federal government the power to regulate trade and commerce among the states.
Learn more about the role of Madison in the United States government