Answer:
According to the functionalist theory, evolutionary theory, cyclical theory, and conflict theory, the following statement about society is true:
4) Society has the ability to adjust itself to attain equilibrium.
Here's an explanation of each theory and how they relate to this statement:
- Functionalism: Functionalism views society as a system composed of interconnected parts that work together to maintain stability and harmony. According to this theory, society has the ability to adjust itself in order to achieve a state of equilibrium or balance. When there are disruptions or imbalances in the system, mechanisms exist to restore stability.
- Evolutionary Theory: Evolutionary theory suggests that society undergoes a gradual transformation and evolves from simple forms to more complex ones over time. As society adapts to changing conditions and challenges, it develops new structures and institutions to meet the needs of its members. This evolutionary process allows society to maintain stability and progress.
- Cyclical Theory: The cyclical theory proposes that civilizations follow a cyclical pattern similar to the life cycle of biological organisms. This theory suggests that societies experience stages of birth, growth, decline, and ultimately death. However, even in the declining stage, societies can make adjustments and strive to regain stability before potential collapse.
- Conflict Theory: Conflict theory emphasizes the struggle between different social groups and the unequal distribution of power and resources in society. According to this theory, social change is driven by the conflict and competition between the "haves" and the "have-nots." As marginalized groups challenge existing power structures, social change occurs, and society adjusts to address these inequalities.
Considering these theories, statement 4) aligns with the functionalist perspective that society has the ability to adjust itself to achieve equilibrium.
Step-by-step explanation: