To resolve this question, we need to calculate the conditional probability. Conditional probability refers to the probability of one event occurring given that another event has already occurred. In this case, we are looking for the probability that a writing utensil is red given it is a pencil. We denote this probability as P(R|P).
R represents the event where the writing utensil is red, and P represents the event that it is a pencil.
To find the conditional probability, we use the formula:
P(R|P) = P(R ∩ P) / P(P)
Where:
- P(R ∩ P) represents the probability that the writing utensil is both red and a pencil. This is the intersection between events R and P.
- P(P) represents the probability that the writing utensil is a pencil.
Unfortunately, the problem doesn't specify the values of P(R ∩ P) and P(P). Without these probabilities, we can't determine the conditional probability of the writing utensil being red if we know it is a pencil.
Therefore, we can conclude that there is not sufficient information provided in the question to calculate the probability.