Final answer:
This detailed answer provides different separation techniques for various mixtures including iron filings and sand, sand and salt, sand and gravel, sand and finely ground Styrofoam®, alcohol and water, and nitrogen and oxygen.
Step-by-step explanation:
Separation Techniques for Various Mixtures:
- Iron filings and sand: To separate iron filings from sand, you can use a magnet. Iron filings are magnetic and will be attracted to the magnet, allowing them to be easily separated from the sand.
- Sand and salt: To separate sand and salt, you can use the process of filtration. The mixture can be poured through a filter paper or a sieve. The sand will be retained on the filter paper while the salt will pass through as a solution.
- Sand and gravel: To separate sand and gravel, you can use the method of sieving. The mixture can be passed through a sieve or mesh screen, allowing the smaller particles of sand to fall through while the larger gravel particles are retained on top.
- Sand and finely ground Styrofoam®: To separate sand and finely ground Styrofoam®, you can use the process of flotation. When mixed with water, the Styrofoam® will float while the sand sinks. The two components can then be separated.
- Alcohol and water: To separate alcohol and water, you can use the process of distillation. The mixture is heated, and the component with the lower boiling point (alcohol) will vaporize and rise up into a condenser, where it will condense and be collected separately.
- Nitrogen and oxygen: To separate nitrogen and oxygen, you can use the process of fractional distillation. Air, which contains both nitrogen and oxygen, can be cooled and then passed through a fractionating column. The nitrogen will condense and be collected at a lower temperature, while the oxygen will remain as a gas and be collected separately.
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