Final answer:
A runner taking off from a block as a race begins involves the transfer of potential energy to kinetic energy. When a car crashes into a pole, the kinetic energy is converted into other forms of energy like sound and heat. As a roller coaster approaches the top of a loop or hill, it converts kinetic energy into potential energy.
Step-by-step explanation:
When a runner takes off from a block as a race begins, the energy transfer is from potential energy to kinetic energy. The stored potential energy in the runner's muscles is converted into kinetic energy as they start moving.
When a car crashes into a pole, the energy transfer is from kinetic energy to other forms of energy like sound and heat. The moving car's kinetic energy is dissipated as it collides with the pole.
When a roller coaster approaches the top of a loop or hill, the energy transfer is from kinetic energy to potential energy. As the roller coaster gains height, its kinetic energy decreases, and potential energy increases.
Learn more about Energy transfers