Final answer:
Stress decreases the effectiveness of the immune system by decreasing T-lymphocytes (T-cells) and increasing cortisol production and inflammation. This weakens the body's ability to fight off infections and diseases.
Step-by-step explanation:
Stress decreases the effectiveness of the immune system by decreasing T-lymphocytes (T-cells). T-lymphocytes are a type of white blood cell that play a crucial role in the immune response, helping to identify and destroy harmful pathogens. When stress levels are high, the number of T-lymphocytes decreases, which weakens the body's ability to fight off infections and diseases.
Additionally, stress can also increase the production of cortisol, a hormone released by the body in response to stress. High levels of cortisol suppress the immune system, making it less effective in combating infections. This can leave individuals more susceptible to illness.
Furthermore, stress can impact the immune system by increasing inflammation in the body. Chronic inflammation can disrupt the normal functioning of the immune system, leading to a weakened immune response and increased vulnerability to infections.
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