Answer:
Explanation:
We can use the formula:
time = distance ÷ rate
where distance is the change in elevation from the surface to -20 meters, and rate is the diving rate of the penguin, which is 4 meters per second.
distance = -20 m - 0 m = -20 m (negative because we're going down)
time = -20 m ÷ 4 m/s = -5 s
The negative sign indicates that the penguin is diving, so it will take 5 seconds to reach an elevation of -20 meters.