Final answer:
The Louisiana Purchase doubled the size of the United States in 1803 and allowed them to gain control over the port of New Orleans and the entire Mississippi River.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Louisiana Purchase had a major effect on the United States in 1803. It doubled the size of the U.S. overnight, expanding westward from the Mississippi River to the Rocky Mountains. This acquisition allowed the United States to gain control over the port of New Orleans and the entire Mississippi River, which became vital for trade and transportation.
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