Final answer:
The social structure of the Sumerians can be inferred from historical records and artifacts, such as clay tablets and stone reliefs. The structure was hierarchical with the king, ruling elites, commoners, and slaves. The Code of Hammurabi and the Stele of Vultures are examples of this social structure.
Step-by-step explanation:
The social structure of the Sumerians can be inferred from the numerous historical records and artifacts that have been discovered. These include clay tablets with administrative documents, laws, and contracts, as well as depictions on stone reliefs and cylinder seals. These sources provide insights into the different classes and roles in Sumerian society.
The Sumerian social structure was hierarchical, with the king holding the highest position followed by the ruling elites, commoners, and slaves. The king and ruling elites controlled the political power, while commoners engaged in various occupations like farming, crafts, and trade. Slaves, on the other hand, were at the bottom of the social ladder and were owned by the higher classes.
Some examples of the Sumerian social structure can be seen in the Code of Hammurabi, which outlines specific laws and punishments for different classes. The carving on the Stele of Vultures also depicts the king leading the armies and the lower classes offering tribute. These historical sources provide strong evidence of the social structure that existed in ancient Sumer.
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