Final answer:
Silicon-28 has 14 protons, 14 neutrons, and 14 electrons. Calcium-44 has 20 protons, 24 neutrons, and 20 electrons.
Step-by-step explanation:
a. Silicon-28 : 28 is the mass number, which represents the sum of protons and neutrons. Since silicon-28 is neutral, the number of protons is equal to the atomic number, which is 14. Neutrons can be calculated by subtracting the number of protons from the mass number: 28 - 14 = 14. Therefore, silicon-28 has 14 protons, 14 neutrons, and 14 electrons.
b. Calcium-44 : Similar to the previous example, calcium-44 has an atomic number of 20 and a mass number of 44. Therefore, it has 20 protons. Subtracting the number of protons from the mass number gives us the number of neutrons: 44 - 20 = 24. Hence, calcium-44 has 20 protons, 24 neutrons, and 20 electrons.
Learn more about Number of protons, neutrons, and electrons in neutral atoms