Final answer:
When substances dissolve, the particles of the solute separate and spread out in the solvent. This is due to the kinetic energy and collisions between the solute and solvent particles in the particle model. An example is the dissolution of table salt in water.
Step-by-step explanation:
Substances Dissolving Using the Particle Model
When substances dissolve, it is because the particles of the solute (substance being dissolved) separate and spread out in the solvent (liquid or gas in which the solute is dissolved). The particle model explains this process by considering the arrangement and behavior of particles.
The particles in a solute are constantly in motion due to their kinetic energy. When the solute is placed in the solvent, the solvent particles collide with the solute particles, causing them to break apart and mix with the solvent particles. This process continues until the solute particles are evenly distributed throughout the solvent, resulting in a homogeneous mixture called a solution.
For example, when table salt (solute) is added to water (solvent), the salt particles separate and mix with the water particles, forming a saltwater solution.
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