Final answer:
The Ptolemaic Dynasty occurred closest to the beginning of the Common Era in Egyptian history.
Step-by-step explanation:
The period of Egyptian history that occurred closest to the beginning of the Common Era is the Ptolemaic Dynasty, which spanned from 332 to 30 BCE. It is important to note that the Common Era began in 1 CE, also known as AD 1. Therefore, the Ptolemaic Dynasty, which ended in 30 BCE, occurred closest to the beginning of the Common Era.
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