Final answer:
The major conflicts that led Spain to gain or lose land were the Spanish-American War and the Reconquista.
Step-by-step explanation:
One major conflict that led Spain to lose land was the Spanish-American War, which took place from 1898 to 1901. As a result of this war, Spain lost its remaining colonies in the Americas, including Cuba, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines.
Another major conflict that led Spain to lose land was the Spanish-American War, which took place from 1898 to 1901.
On the other hand, one major conflict that led Spain to gain land was the Reconquista, a long process that took place from the 8th to the 15th century. This conflict resulted in the Christian kingdoms of Spain regaining control over the Iberian Peninsula, which had been largely under Muslim rule.
Learn more about Conflicts that shaped Spain's territorial changes