Answer:
In the given list of species: Ag+, Al³+, Ag, and Al, the species that can act as oxidizing agents are Ag+ and Al³+. Therefore, the correct option is:
**b) Ag+ and Al³+**
Step-by-step explanation:
1. Ag+ (silver ion) has a +1 oxidation state. It can act as an oxidizing agent by accepting electrons and getting reduced. In this process, it oxidizes the other species by causing them to lose electrons.
2. Al³+ (aluminum ion) has a +3 oxidation state. It can also act as an oxidizing agent in a similar way by accepting electrons and causing other species to lose electrons.
On the other hand, Ag (silver metal) and Al (aluminum metal) are not typically oxidizing agents because they are already in their reduced form, and it's difficult for them to accept electrons. Instead, they are more likely to act as reducing agents by losing electrons to other species.