Final answer:
Transformers work based on Faraday's law of induction, which allows a changing magnetic field in the primary coil to induce a voltage in the secondary coil. The voltage transformation is governed by the transformer equation, which relates the voltages and the numbers of loops in the two different coils. They are commonly used to adjust voltage levels for efficient power transmission.
Step-by-step explanation:
Transformers operate based on Faraday's law of induction, which allows electricity to move from one coil to another. Essentially, a transformer uses two coils, known as the primary and secondary coil, wound around a ferromagnetic core. When a current is passed through the primary coil, it produces a magnetic field that induces a voltage in the secondary coil. This is known as electromagnetic induction.
The voltages in the two different coils are related by the transformer equation, which states that the ratio of the secondary voltage to the primary voltage equals the ratio of the number of loops in the secondary coil to the number of loops in the primary coil. Transformers are used to either step up or step down voltages, which is essential for efficient transmission of electrical power over long distances.
Learn more about Electromagnetic Induction