Final answer:
Lewis dot structures depict the valence electrons for atoms and molecules, such as C with four dots, Al with three, C2HCl with a C-C single bond and varying H and Cl connections, SiCl4 with four Si-Cl single bonds, and OF2 with two O-F single bonds and lone pairs on the oxygen and fluorine atoms.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Lewis valence electron dot structures represent the arrangement of valence electrons around atoms and molecules. Below are the explanations for the given subjects:
- C (Carbon): Carbon has four valence electrons, and its Lewis dot structure is represented by one dot on each of the four sides of the carbon atom symbol.
- Al (Aluminum): Aluminum has three valence electrons, which are represented as three dots placed around the symbol for aluminum.
- C2HCl: This molecule has a carbon-carbon single bond at the center, with each carbon having three additional bonds – one to a hydrogen and the other either to another hydrogen or a chlorine (the structure can vary slightly as long as valence counts are correct).
- SiCl4 (Silicon Tetrachloride): Silicon is in the center with four valence electrons and forms a single bond to each of the four chlorine atoms, which each have seven valence electrons. The Lewis dot structure shows four pairs of dots (representing shared electrons) around silicon, each pair connecting to a Cl with three pairs of dots representing its remaining valence electrons.
- OF2 (Oxygen Difluoride): Oxygen has six valence electrons and forms a single bond with two fluorine atoms, which also each have seven valence electrons. The Lewis dot structure includes two pairs of connected dots between oxygen and each fluorine, with four dots remaining on oxygen and six on each fluorine.