Final answer:
The drug in discussion can be a diuretic which aids in treating nonobstructive urinary retention by inhibiting sodium reabsorption in the kidneys, effecting a vasodilator action and increasing the glomerular filtration rate. This affects bladder control by impacting the detrusor muscle and the internal urinary sphincter, helping to restore normal micturition process. The inhibition of the somatic motor neurons leads to the relaxation of the external urinary sphincter muscles, allowing urine to pass.
Step-by-step explanation:
The subject of this question is a drug used to treat nonobstructive urinary retention in patients with atony of the bladder. In such cases, the drug is probably a diuretic that works on the loop of Henle in the kidneys to inhibit the reabsorption of Na* and Cl-, effectively working as a vasodilator and increasing the glomerular filtration rate. This decreases sodium reabsorption in the kidneys, lowering blood pressure, and aids bladder control by affecting the detrusor muscle and the internal urinary sphincter.
The detrusor is a smooth muscle located in the bladder wall with fibers running in all directions, contracting to reduce the size of the organ when emptying it of urine. The internal urinary sphincter is a separate smooth muscle at the junction of the bladder and urethra which relaxes as the bladder fills, allowing urine into the urethra.
These actions together help to treat nonobstructive urinary retention in patients, restoring a more normal micturition process. The inhibition of the somatic motor neurons results in relaxation of the skeletal muscle of the external urinary sphincter, allowing urine to pass.
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