Final answer:
Grievance hearings and the negotiation of union contracts are examples of rites of integration, activities that strengthen solidarity among union members. Rites of passage involve a structured ceremonial transition involving three stages (separation, transition, and incorporation) leading to a new social status.
Step-by-step explanation:
Grievance hearings and the negotiation of union contracts are examples of rites of integration. This is because they are activities aimed at affirming, strengthening, and maintaining the bonds of solidarity among members of a labor union. Such activities are essential for nurturing the shared identity of workers within the organization and ensuring their collective interests are represented and negotiated effectively, akin to the way rites of intensification function in religious or cultural groups.
When it comes to rites of passage, they are structured ceremonies that individuals go through when transitioning from one life stage to another. These rites often involve three stages identified by Arnold van Gennep: separation, liminality (or transition), and incorporation. During these stages, individuals are instructed and transformed, ultimately assuming a new social status with its corresponding rights and responsibilities.