A. Poison Gas
World War I saw the use of poison gas as one of the military innovations, and it would fit well within the context of the other innovations listed in the diagram.
(B.) Atomic bombs weren't utilized until WWII, (C.) Guerilla Warfare was not a significant or prominent military innovation used during World War I as World War I was characterized by more conventional forms of warfare, and (D.) Covert Operations played a role in World War I, but they were not as prominent or defining as the other innovations listed.