Final answer:
Hypertension, stroke, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are common pathologies for the cardiovascular, nervous, and respiratory systems respectively. Increased resistance of blood flow in the peripheral arteries can lead to ischemia, resulting in tissue damage or cell death.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Common Pathology for Each Body System:
- For the cardiovascular system, the common pathology is hypertension which is characterized by high blood pressure. Signs and symptoms may include headaches, dizziness, and chest pain. The etiology can be related to genetic factors, lifestyle choices, and underlying medical conditions.
- For the nervous system, the common pathology is stroke which occurs when blood flow to the brain is disrupted. Signs and symptoms may include sudden weakness or numbness, difficulty speaking, and vision problems. The etiology can be a blockage or rupture of blood vessels in the brain.
- For the respiratory system, the common pathology is chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) which is characterized by airflow limitation and difficulty breathing. Signs and symptoms may include chronic coughing, wheezing, and shortness of breath. The primary cause is typically smoking, but long-term exposure to air pollution or certain occupational exposures can also contribute.
The Effect of Increased Resistance of Blood Flow in Peripheral Arteries:
Increased resistance of blood flow in the peripheral arteries eventually leads to ischemia, which is the inadequate blood supply to tissues. This can result in tissue damage or cell death in the affected area. Examples of ischemic conditions include peripheral artery disease (PAD), heart attacks, and strokes.
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