Answer: The Green Revolution, which was a series of agricultural innovations and practices introduced in the mid-20th century, had both positive and negative effects on the environment. Among the options you've provided:
Use of Pesticides:
The use of pesticides is one way in which the Green Revolution has been unfriendly to the environment. While pesticides can increase crop yields by controlling pests, they also have negative environmental impacts. Pesticides can harm non-target species, including beneficial insects, birds, and other wildlife. Runoff from agricultural fields can contaminate water sources and negatively affect aquatic ecosystems. Additionally, the overuse of pesticides can lead to the development of pesticide-resistant pests, which can create long-term agricultural challenges.
The other options you've mentioned—soil conservation, crop rotation, and the introduction of new crop varieties—can have positive environmental impacts when practiced sustainably. They are often part of broader efforts to increase agricultural productivity while minimizing harm to the environment. For example, soil conservation and crop rotation can help reduce soil erosion and improve soil health, while the introduction of new crop varieties can enhance crop resistance to diseases and environmental stress, potentially reducing the need for chemical inputs like pesticides. However, the environmental impact of these practices depends on how they are implemented and managed.