Final answer:
An ion with a 3+ charge and 8 protons has 5 electrons, as calculated by subtracting the positive charge from the number of protons.
Step-by-step explanation:
If an ion has a net charge of 3+ and it contains 8 protons, we can determine the number of electrons it has using the formula:
Atomic charge = number of protons - number of electrons.
In this case, the ion has a charge of +3. Therefore, it has 3 more protons than electrons. To find the number of electrons, we can rearrange the formula to solve for the number of electrons:
number of electrons = number of protons - atomic charge
number of electrons = 8 - 3
number of electrons = 5
So, the ion has 5 electrons.