Final answer:
Galileo Galilei was imprisoned for contradicting the geocentric theory of the Catholic Church with his heliocentric theory.
Step-by-step explanation:
Galileo Galilei was imprisoned because he mathematically proved the heliocentric theory of the solar system, which contradicted the teachings of the Catholic Church. During his time, the Church believed in the geocentric theory, which placed Earth at the center of the universe. Galileo's findings challenged this belief and were seen as a threat to the Church's authority and understanding of the world.
Learn more about Galileo Galilei's imprisonment