Final answer:
During the Civil War, northern women served as spies and soldiers, disguising themselves as men to fight. Some also served as government secretaries or advisers to President Lincoln, although these roles were less common.
Step-by-step explanation:
During the Civil War, northern women played various roles to support the war effort. One significant role they served in was as spies. Women such as Mary Elizabeth Bowser and Rose O'Neal Greenhow acted as spies for the Union and Confederate forces respectively, gathering intelligence and passing it along. Another role women took on was as soldiers, although they had to disguise themselves as men to do so. Women like Sarah Edmonds and Loreta Velazquez enlisted and fought in battles. Lastly, while some northern women did become government secretaries or advisers to President Lincoln, these roles were not as common as the previous two.
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