Final answer:
The questions inquired mainly about critical botanical concepts, such as sap, stomata, transpiration, photosynthesis, the roles of xylem and phloem, plant group attributes, the adaptive traits of needles, and the parts of a flower.
Step-by-step explanation:
The term sap refers to the fluid transported in xylem cells (xylem sap) or phloem sieve tube elements (phloem sap). Stomata are openings in the surface of plant leaves that allow for the exchange of gases, and transpiration is the process where water is lost from the plant, mainly through the stomata. The word equation for photosynthesis is: Carbon Dioxide + Water -> Glucose + Oxygen. The xylem and phloem are essential components of plant vascular systems. Xylem transports water and minerals from roots to other parts of the plant, while phloem transports sugars (product of photosynthesis) to all parts of the plant. There are four major groups of plants including mosses, ferns, gymnosperms, and angiosperms. Mosses are nonvascular, while ferns are vascular but don't produce seeds. Gymnosperms and angiosperms both produce seeds, but only angiosperms produce flowers. Needles, seen in coniferous trees, are a type of leaf adaptation. They have a reduced surface area which minimizes water loss and are covered in a thick cuticle. The parts of a flower include the petal, stigma, style, ovary, sepal, anther and filament.
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