Final answer:
Dr. Chapman endorses the social-cognitive theory of hypnosis. This theory sees individuals under hypnosis as role-playing, behaving according to their expectations of a hypnotized person, rather than experiencing an altered state of consciousness.
Step-by-step explanation:
Dr. Chapman appears to subscribe to the social-cognitive theory of hypnosis. This notion does not see hypnosis as an altered state of consciousness. Instead, it views the hypnotic state as a social role-playing process where individuals act in accordance with their expectations of how a hypnotized person should behave. In simpler terms, people under hypnosis are not under an altered or dissociated state of consciousness, but they act to fulfill the social expectations of the role they are performing.
This understanding of hypnosis is contrary to some common misconceptions about the practice. The hypnotized individual typically has clear memories of the hypnotic experience and maintains control over their actions. Hypnosis can be used in therapeutic settings; it involves a state of extreme focus and absorption, during which the individual is highly susceptible to suggestion. Moreover, research suggests that global changes in brain function are associated with hypnotic states.
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