Final answer:
Shifting cultivation refers to the nonindustrial cultivation method where farmland is used for a period of time and then left to lie fallow, allowing for the regeneration of nutrients in the soil.
Step-by-step explanation:
The term for nonindustrial plant cultivation with a period of fallowing is called shifting cultivation. This method involves farming plots of land for a certain period of time and then leaving them to lie fallow as farmers move on to cultivate other plots. This period of fallow allows for the regeneration of nutrients in the soil, ensuring soil health and crop success in future seasons. In shifting cultivation, the farmland use is extensive with plots being left fallow, sometimes for as many as 20 seasons, before being reused.
This is different from intensive agriculture, where the same plots of land are continuously cultivated using labor-intensive methods such as plowing, terracing, and irrigation. Contrary to this, monoculture refers to the cultivation of a single crop on a large surface area, which does not involve fallowing and is often associated with the loss of biodiversity.
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