Final answer:
'Armchair anthropologists' significantly influenced the school of thought known as Cultural Evolutionism, which is centered on the idea that societies evolve from primitive to civilized states.
Step-by-step explanation:
The school of thought influenced by 'armchair anthropologists' is Cultural Evolutionism. Armchair anthropologists were known to study human behavior and cultural differences without field research, relying predominantly on second-hand reports and other collected data.
Their contributions significantly shaped the Cultural Evolutionism framework, with its central idea that societies evolve in a universal sequence from primitive to civilized states. This school of thought posited that through studying others, one can understand one's own society better.
Learn more about Cultural Evolutionism