Alright, to solve this question we first need to understand that the maximum current in the circuit is achieved when the inductor acts as a short circuit, thus eliminating any voltage drop across it. Therefore, at this moment, the circuit essentially only includes the battery and resistor.
The method we are going to use is known as Ohm's Law, which states that the current flowing through a conductor between two points is directly proportional to the voltage across these two points and inversely proportional to the resistance between them. Mathematically, this is expressed as I=V/R.
Let's apply Ohm's Law to our case:
The current (I) will be the battery voltage (V) divided by the resistor's resistance (R). So, I=9.9V/5.08Ω which equals 1.9488188976377954 (rounded to 1.95) amperes. So, the maximum current flowing through the circuit is approximately 1.95A.
After understanding the current flowing through the circuit, we now need to know the power (P) supplied by the battery.
By the formula power P=VI, which is the product of the voltage (V) and the current (I), we can calculate the power supplied by the battery. So, P=9.9V*1.9488188976377954A which equals 19.293307086614174 (approx. 19.29) watts.
In conclusion, the maximum current in the circuit is around 1.95A and the power supplied by the battery is approximately 19.29W.