Final answer:
The most effective barrier from infections during venipuncture is thorough handwashing before and after the procedure. Although PPE like gloves and lab coats are important, these items may contain small breaches and can become contaminated upon removal.
Step-by-step explanation:
The most effective barrier/protection from infections during venipuncture is c) Washing hands before and after the procedure. Handwashing is critical in preventing infection in a clinical setting. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends thorough handwashing before, during, and after any medical procedure. This is to reduce the normal microbiota on the skin's surface which can be introduced into a patient's surgical wounds; potentially leading to infection.
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), such as gloves and lab coats, is also important. They provide a physical barrier, preventing direct contact with infectious bodies. However, one must always wash hands even when using gloves or other protective equipment. This is because PPE is not foolproof and might have minute breaches. Plus, there is the risk of contamination during the removal of these equipment.
The spread of infections can also be reduced in a medical setting by adhering to other protocols such as sterilizing equipment and maintaining a clean environment.
Learn more about Infection Prevention