Final answer:
Brown v. Board of Education was the supreme court case that challenged 'separate but equal' and segregation laws, declaring them unconstitutional.
Step-by-step explanation:
The supreme court case that challenged the idea of 'separate but equal' and segregation laws was Brown v. Board of Education. This landmark case, decided in 1954, declared state laws establishing separate public schools for black and white students as unconstitutional. The case argued that separate educational facilities were inherently unequal, violating the Fourteenth Amendment's Equal Protection Clause.
Learn more about Brown v. Board of Education