Final answer:
In presidential election exit polls, random sampling is used to select specific polling stations and survey voters, aiming for a representative and unbiased sample.
Step-by-step explanation:
The type of sampling used in presidential election exit polls is random sampling. Pollsters randomly select specific polling stations and then survey every voter leaving the premises to ensure the poll is both representative and random. Despite the method's intended precision, some challenges exist, such as participants refusing to respond, the possibility of dishonest answers, and a possible skew in demographics. Moreover, absentee and early voters are not captured in this methodology. Even with these issues considered, exit polls provide early, although sometimes controversial, insights into election outcomes and voter tendencies.