Final answer:
Smoking can make it difficult for oxygen to be taken through the alveoli by damaging the cilia, increasing mucus production, and impairing immune defenses.
Step-by-step explanation:
Smoking makes it difficult for oxygen to be taken through the alveoli in multiple ways. First, the substances in cigarette smoke can damage or paralyze the cilia, which are hair-like structures that help to remove particles from the lungs. Damaged cilia are not able to move mucus effectively, leading to a build-up of mucus in the airways. Second, smoking increases mucus production in the lungs, further hindering the movement of oxygen. Finally, smoking impairs the immune defenses in the lungs, making smokers more susceptible to respiratory infections.
Learn more about smoking and oxygen uptake