Answer:
18 - x = 6
Explanation:
In any equation x is the unkown you are trying to figure out.
In a word-problem-solving question its helpful to set out what you know and what you dont know:
You know the original number of pens = 18
You know the final number of pens = 6
You dont know how many pens were taken.
Therefore x is the difference between 18 and 6.
18 pens take away x pens is equal to 6
hence 18 - x =6