The correct answer is B. vancomycin (Vancocin).
Vancomycin is a commonly used antibiotic that inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis. It works by binding to a specific component of the bacterial cell wall called peptidoglycan. Peptidoglycan is responsible for providing structural support to the bacterial cell wall, and its synthesis is essential for the growth and survival of bacteria.
By binding to peptidoglycan precursors and blocking their incorporation into the growing cell wall, vancomycin prevents the formation of a functional cell wall. This leads to weakened bacterial cell walls and eventual cell lysis, ultimately inhibiting bacterial growth and replication.
Streptomycin (A), doxycycline (C), and gentamicin (D) are antibiotics that inhibit bacterial protein synthesis, rather than cell wall synthesis. Streptomycin and gentamicin belong to a class of antibiotics called aminoglycosides, which target the bacterial ribosome and disrupt protein synthesis. Doxycycline is a member of the tetracycline family of antibiotics and also inhibits protein synthesis by binding to the bacterial ribosome.